We will talk about the Java Spring Framework and what This essay explains the essential spring ideas in a way that is accessible to new readers. One of the most popular Java frameworks is Hibernate. Let's read the article right now.

What are the important topics in Spring?

The following are some of the Spring framework's key characteristics:

• IoC container
• Data access framework
• Spring MVC framework
• Transaction management 
• Spring Web Service
• JDBC abstraction layer
• Spring TestContext framework

IoC container: 

Inversion of Control (IoC) and Dependency Injection (DI) are commonly used interchangeably to refer to the same architectural pattern. So, while some people refer to IoC containers as well as DI containers, both names denote the same thing. So don't let the lingo throw you off.

The IoC container, commonly referred to as a DI Container, is a framework for successfully implementing automatic dependency injection. It controls every aspect of object formation, including its lifetime, and injects dependencies into the classes.

Before a decision is made, all DI containers should go through the following lifecycle stages, which involve various sets of states.

Register: When the container receives the appropriate type, it should be registered or initiated, and this is known as the register stage.

Resolve: We do not need to construct manual objects while utilizing DI containers. It's done for us by the container. The resolution phase is when this happens. As soon as it recognizes, the DI container must include some of the methods to resolve the supplied type. The appropriate container produces an object of the desired type, injects any necessary dependencies, if any are needed, and then returns the object.

Dispose: The dependent objects' lifetimes must be managed appropriately by the DI containers. The majority of DI containers feature various lifetime managers who are in charge of controlling an object's lifecycle and disposing of it.

Data Access Framework

The Data Access Framework (DAF) project was primarily concerned with identifying, testing, and validating the standards required to access and extract data from health information technology (IT) systems within an organization, from health IT systems of other organizations, or from health IT systems across different organizations. Standardizing the definition and fulfillment of data requests could help with this.

Spring MVC framework:

Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture and ready-to-use components are provided by the Spring Web MVC framework to enable the creation of adaptable and loosely linked web applications. The input logic, business logic, and UI logic of the program are separated as a result of the MVC design, which also offers a loose coupling between these components.

1. The Model contains the application data, which in most cases will be POJO.
2. The View is in charge of rendering the data from the model, and it typically produces HTML output that the client's browser can understand.
3. The Controller is in charge of handling user requests, creating the necessary model, and transferring it to the view for presentation.

Transaction management

A database server's capacity to fulfill the requirements of the ACID contract, i.e., ensure that each transaction has the attributes of atomicity, consistency preservation, isolation, and durability, is referred to as transaction management [1, 2]. Generally speaking, recovery from errors and serializability-based concurrency control are requirements for transaction management. While recovery is the process of restoring a consistent database state following a system or media failure, concurrency control is the effort of arranging transactions so that their serializability may be assured.

Spring Web Service:

A product of the Spring community, Spring Web Services (Spring-WS) focuses on developing document-driven Web services. With the use of one of the various methods for modifying XML payloads, Spring Web Services wants to make it easier to construct contract-first SOAP services. Since the product is based on Spring, you can leverage Spring ideas like dependency injection as a core component of your Web service.

People choose Spring-WS for a variety of reasons, but the majority are driven to it after seeing that other SOAP stacks fall short when it comes to adhering to recommended standards for Web services. The WS-I basic profile, Contract-First development, and having a loose coupling between contracts and implore examples of this.

JDBC abstraction layer

While SQL is a query language, JDBC is an abstraction of the DBMS communication protocol. Using that communication protocol, SQL-written queries are transmitted to the server, and the results of the queries are subsequently returned (in a DBMS-independent way).

We must include the Spring Boot Starter JDBC dependency in our build configuration file in order to use JdbcTemplate in the Spring Boot application to access the Relational Database. If you had @Autowired the JdbcTemplate class, Spring Boot would then automatically connect to the database and set the JdbcTemplate object's data source.

Spring TestContext framework:

Enterprise software development must include testing. This chapter focuses on the advantages of the Spring Framework's support for integration testing as well as the value that the IoC principle adds to unit testing. (The scope of this reference manual does not permit a comprehensive discussion of testing in the company.)

Unit Testing:

The fact that your code should rely on the container much less than it would in typical J2EE development is one of the key advantages of dependency injection. Your application's POJOs should be able to be tested using JUnit or TestNG tests, with objects simply created using the new operator, independent of Spring or any other container. Mock objects can be used to test your code in isolation, along with many other beneficial testing strategies. The neat layering and componentization of your program that results from adhering to the Spring architecture standards will inevitably make unit testing simpler. For instance, you won't need to access permanent data to test service layer objects by stumbling or imitating DAO or Repository interfaces.