Introduction

As the Internet’s coverage expands, so does the number of physical items that may connect to it. By 2011, there were roughly 12.5 billion Internet-connected things, and with the arrival of 5G-Internet [3, it is expected to surpass 25 billion by the end of 2020 and 50 billion by the end of 2050 [1]. As a result, the Internet of Things (IoT) has gotten a lot of attention, especially in recent years, because it has led to significant changes in lifestyle as well as emerging technologies like Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication [2], context-aware computing, and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID).

Logistics

In a Supply Chain (SC), logistics management includes short-term operations such as material and inventory handling, as well as communications. There are four perspectives on logistics vs SCs: 1) re-labeling, 2) traditionalist, 3) inter-sectionist, and 4) unionist. The latter, on the other hand, focuses on psychological and sociological factors, which are primarily gathered through questionnaires, interviews, and case studies. Despite their fundamental differences, both methods regard Information Technology (IT) as the most important factor in facilitating logistics in both internal and external activities.  Despite their fundamental differences, both methods regard IT as the most important factor in facilitating logistics in both internal and external activities. Because the IoT is such a significant advance in the world of IT, it is especially important for today’s modern logistics.

IOT-BASED GENERAL LOGISTICS

IoT technology, which incorporates RFID, Near Field Communications (NFC), and GPS, can not only provide real-time visibility for operations but also create value for both consumers and suppliers on the market. It can use Big Data Analysis, smart tags and objects, and ad-hoc predictive maintenance applications to optimize business and industrial process flows while providing effective logistics service solutions. This cutting-edge technology aids logistics service providers in making timely decisions about how to track, route, and deliver items to their clients, thereby increasing their competitiveness. This is because providing autonomous and self-controlled movement of products from sender to consignee reduces the traditional logistics network’s long reaction time to several days for L-IoT.

IOT-BASED PRODUCTION LOGISTICS

It also aids producers in cutting down on data analysis and decision-making time. Because it generates dynamic control over production logistics systems by providing fast, accurate, and timely information flow. As a result, the Internet of Things, especially on a worldwide scale, can be a source of many useful changes in industrial logistics. Because manufacturing logistics accounts for approximately 95% of the whole production process, both intra- and inter-firm.

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IOT-BASED INTELLIGENT CARGO AND OBJECTS LOGISTICS

Not just manufacturers, but also the logistics business, are concerned about how to handle goods in today’s world. RFID tags can give and update freight information, such as storage, inventory, and delivery conditions, for rapid control, monitoring, and tracking via a network connection, in answer to this problem. They can detect cargo to prevent loss and displacement, and weight sensors can also be used to prevent vehicle overburden. Furthermore, GPS and the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) can be used to track the location of cars in real time.

IOT-BASED SMART INVENTORY CONTROL

More technically, using the IoT technology in manufacturing logistics is based on the EPC as a unique global identifier of each product, which is used to track and trace products. Objects with RFID tags and unique EPCs provide information services to subscribers not only locally, but also remotely. By this means, RFID technology with the involvement of the EPC in warehouses can eliminate industrial risks and theft problems, improve productivity, and make products easier to track. However, security, safety, and reliability are all concerns when using IoT in large industrial applications. As a result, while RFID tags can store all of the information about an object, they rarely do. And the information is distributed through the use of an Object Naming Service (ONS), which is analogous to the Domain Name System (DNS).

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